Last Update: 01/20/2006

Curriculum Map

Subject:	Technology

Grade:	8
Year:	2005-2006

TIME FRAME	ESSENTIAL QUESTION(S) AND CONTENT	SKILLS	ASSESSMENT	CORE RESOURCES

3 - 4 Blocks	HYDROPONICS
	What is hydroponics? What are the benefits of growing plants hydroponically? What are systems and how do they relate to technology? Open Loop * Input * Process * Output Closed Loop (all of open plus) * Compare * Adjust * Monitor * Feedback How are hydroponic systems optimized for plant growth? What does a plant need to grow? Why is it important to collect data and record information? What tools/equipment are required to monitor greenhouse conditions?	* Plant a crop from seed in a hydroponics-growing medium. * Given a standard log-sheet, students will monitor and collect data related to the growth of a hydroponic plant. * Identify plant growth requirements and apply those parameters to the management of the crop in the bio-tech lab. * Monitor variables and adjust to optimize the output. -- pH -- Solids in water/fertilizer level -- CO2 -- Temperature of air/water -- Humidity -- Growth rate -- Insect or fungus infestation -- Plant diseases	Plant Growth Via Hydroponics - * Student will start, monitor and maintain a healthy growth cycle of a plant. Students will be rated on a rubric-based assessment. -- Accuracy of the data entry on the log sheet. -- Written examination. -- Homework assignments	* Teacher-generated information packet to include related vocabulary. -- Selected readings -- Plant growth materials; seeds, growing medium, etc. -- Monitoring/testing equipment -- Pictures of previous plant successes and failures -- Selected websites -- Videos/DVD


20 - 22 Blocks	CO2 VEHICLE ENGINEERING DESIGN
	What are systems and how do they relate to technology? Open Loop: * Input * Process * Output Closed Loop (all of open plus): * Compare * Adjust * Monitor * Feedback How do sub-systems relate to systems? How does the technological problem solving process relate to systems? Systems model of problem solving: * Identify/define problem * Set goal and list criteria * Generate alternatives * Select best solution * Implement the solution * Evaluate results/modify if necessary What types of results can you expect from a technological system? * Desired – Expected * Undesired – Expected * Desired – Unexpected * Undesired – Unexpected How do people keep technological records to better understand and apply different methods of solving a problem? How does the design process apply to the design and construction of a CO2 Cruiser? * Brainstorming * Thumbnail designs * Rough sketches * Technical drawing How do people generate technical drawings to convey the precise information to produce a product? What are the three factors to consider when designing a fast CO2 Cruiser? * Aerodynamics * Mass * Axle to body friction How do you apply/take into account the 3 factors in the design and construction phase of the CO2 Cruiser? How can vehicle design be modified to improve aerodynamics? How and why do engineers use simulation software in vehicle design? How are mathematic and scientific principles applied in the design, construction and testing of the CO2 Cruiser? * Measurement * Mass * Graphing * Newton’s 3 Laws of Motion * Friction * Thrust * Aerodynamics - lift & drag * Geometric shapes What safety procedures must be applied when using tools and machines in a laboratory environment? What tools and machines are required to process a raw material, (wood) into a final product, (CO2 Cruiser)? How are resources processed by technological systems? * Material conversion * Combining * Separation * Forming * Conditioning How are products finished for appearance and protection? * Painting * Staining * Penetrating finishes * Detailing	Given a hands-on technological problem, students will be able to: * Apply the problem solving process * Brainstorm and research various ways of solving the problem * Apply trial and error * Make trade-offs * Apply scientific and mathematical principles to design * Identify rules, limitations and constraints and apply/interpret to design * Compose an accurate full-scale technical drawing * Apply and safely use the correct tools and machines in the construction of the CO2 Vehicle * Utilize information technology (e.g., digital imagery,) to apply the concepts of creating and maintaining a design journal * Students will collect information from the World Wide Web to gain research in vehicle design * Apply technical writing to daily entry in design journal * Students will utilize Carbuilder simulation software in the optimization of a vehicle design * Apply finish to the final product that offers protection and for aesthetics.	Students will design and construct a CO2 Vehicle. Students will be assessed on how well they meet the parameters of the problem. Rubric-based assessment will consist of the following: * Home-learning assignments * Learning challenge * Completion/quality of design journal: -- Research -- Thumbnail designs -- Rough sketches -- Technical drawing -- Aerodynamics data -- Simulation data results * Participation in simulation software * Success of the design within the simulation software * Adherence to design parameters, craftsmanship and performance. Student’s ability to self evaluate the type of result that their vehicle achieved. Predict and then compare & contrast vehicle results to fellow classmates.	* Teacher-generated information packet * Computers with appropriate simulation software * Graph paper, rulers and/or computer assisted design software. * Selected tools and machines * Vehicle testing/timing device – track * Aerodynamics testing device – wind tunnel * Balance Scale * World Wide Web * Raw materials * Digital cameras/printer * Video/DVD’s * Prior examples of vehicles/technical drawings. * Exemplar Design Journals * Prior competition evaluation sheet


22 - 24 Blocks	PHOTOGRAPHY
	How do people use photography? What historical events led us to today's form of photography? Who were some of the pioneers and great inventors involved in the evolution of the photographic process? Who were and are some of the famous photographers? What makes a photograph compositionally strong? What is the purpose of a camera? What are the different types of cameras and why are they used? How do photographers use a manual, semi-automatic and automatic 35 mm camera? * Handling * Loading * Exposure * Rewinding What safety procedures must be applied when using photographic equipemt & chemicals. How do photographers properly load film into a developing tank? How does photographic paper work? What are the chemicals and variables used to develop photographic paper? What procedure must be followed when developing a roll of black and white film? * Film handling * Loading in tank * Developing * Negative handling * Storage What are the proper procedures to expose photographic paper? * Equipment * Exposure * Contact print * Test strips * Developing print * Drying How does digital photography work? What are the advantages and disadvantages of digital photography? How do you handle and properly care for a digital camera? How do you transfer digital images to a computer? How can you present your digital images? * Digital viewing * Printing/hard copy How do we manipulate digital images using editing software? * Brightness * Contrast * Filters * Cropping	* Describe the historical impacts and evolution of photography * Identify camera types and judge appropriate use * Demonstrate the ability to properly use a camera to expose film * Create compositionally sound images * Apply and safely use the equipment & chemicals * Demonstrate the ability to load film for tank development. * Make compositional revisions by cropping photograph before printing * Demonstrate the ability to properly expose photographic paper * Evaluate the contrast of a photographic print and select the appropriate filter to adjust * Summarize the function of each chemical in the development of photographic paper * Make finishing revisions by trimming photograph after printing Digital Photography * Collect and store images using the proper media * Judge why a digital camera would be used * Demonstrate the ability to adjust camera settings: -- Menu settings -- Image settings -- Mode settings * Demonstrate the ability to properly use a digital camera to take a picture * Manipulate/revise digital photos to enhance original image * Tranfer and organization of images into appropriate storage media * Compose a multimedia presentation to organize and present images	Students will gain knowledge on historical aspects of photography. Students will be assessed on how well they meet the parameters of the projects. Rubric-based assessment will consist of the following: * Participation in class readings and discussions * Written test response and graded homework assignments * Written examination * Assessment of compositional project Students will create photographic negatives and prints. Students will be assessed on how well they meet the parameters of the projects. Rubric-based assessment will consist of the following: * Participation in class readings and discussions * Written classroom & examination response and homework assignments * Lab practical exam * Assessment of photographic quality Digital Photography: Students will create a multi-media presentation of digital photographs. Students will be assessed on how well they meet the parameters of the projects. Rubric-based assessment will consist of the following: * Participation in class readings and discussions * Written classroom & examination response and homework assignments * Assessment of digital imagery in presentation	* Teacher-generated information packet with vocabulary * Computers with appropriate software * Selected cameras, printers, enlargers, tanks, output devices and supplies. * World Wide Web * Video/DVD’s * Exemplar compositionally strong photographs * Exemplar properly exposed photographs * Exemplar properly exposed negatives * Exemplar digital photographs * Exemplar multi-media presentations


5 - 6 Blocks	GRAPHIC COMMUNICATION - CREATE SYSTEMS DIAGRAM
	What are systems and how do they relate to technology? Open Loop: * Input * Process * Output Closed Loop (all of open plus): * Compare * Adjust * Monitor * Feedback How do open and closed loop systems relate to communication? How does a communication sub-system relate to the communication system? What tools does a graphic designer use to communicate graphically? What are the presentation skills that would effectively communicate to an audience? What safety procedures must be applied when using tools and machines in a laboratory environment?	Given a group hands-on graphic systems problem, students will be able to: * Apply the open & closed loop model to their communication system sub-system. * Brainstorm and develop communication system ideas. * Identify rules, limitations and constraints and apply/interpret to the design. * Identify & describe the major components of a systems diagram. * Collect information and/or graphics from the World Wide Web * Plan and assemble a diagram of their chosen system, sub-system. * Compose an oral report that describes how the diagram operates.	* Students will create a systems diagram that reflects a communication system model. * Students will be assessed on how well they meet the parameters of the projects. Rubric-based assessment will consist of the following: -- Homework assignments -- Written examination -- Completion/quality of their system/sub-system diagram. -- Adherence to design parameters and composition.	* Teacher-generated information packet with vocabulary * Computers with appropriate software * Selected graphic tools and supplies * World Wide Web * Digital cameras/printer * Video/DVD’s * Exemplar system designs


7 - 8 Blocks	GRAPHIC COMMUNICATIONS - PRINTING METHODS
	What are some of the ways that humans have communicated via printing in the past? * Relief printing * Gravure What are some of the ways that humans have communicated via printing in the present? * Offset lithography * Silk screen * Thermal * Ink Jet * Electrostatic (Xerox) * Laser How do graphic designers apply a procedure to meet a client’s needs? * Need * Ideas/brainstorming * Image generation -- Thumbnail designs -- Rough sketch * Image assembly * Photo Conversion Kodalith/Rapid Access * Image carrier preparation – plate making * Image transfer – printing * Finishing (binding, trimming, etc.) How does composition and design play a role in page layout/graphic image. How do people print on various types of materials & products? When is screen-printing the best print method? * Textiles * Irregular shapes * Short production runs What tools and machines are required to screen print & transfer image? Where are various types of inks applied to specific screen-printing jobs? * Water based * Oil based How are multiple color inks applied in screen-printing? * Registration * Alignment How are screen-printed water based inks made permanent on textiles? What are the applications of thermal-based imaging? What are the advantages of thermal-based imaging? What tools and machines are required to thermal print & transfer image? How and why are images inverted to thermal print?	* Design, layout and complete an offset printing project based on specific parameters. * Create thumbnail designs, choose one and compose a rough layout based on the selection. * Investigate and consider various sources of image generation. Select the appropriate image source for the project. * Investigate and consider various sources of text fonts/sizes. Select the appropriate font & size for the project. * Utilize information technology (e.g., computer, digital imagery, etc.,) to assemble graphic design. * Apply graphic design procedure to the completion of the offset printing project. * Design, layout and complete a screen-printing project based on specific parameters. * Create thumbnail designs, choose one and compose a rough layout based on the selection. * Investigate and consider various sources of image generation. Select the appropriate image source for the project. * Investigate and consider various sources of text fonts/sizes. Select the appropriate font & size for the project. * Utilize information technology (e.g., computer, digital imagery, etc.,) to assemble the screen-printing design. * Apply screen-printing procedure to the completion of the screen-printing project. * Design, layout and complete a thermal imaging project based on specific parameters. * Create thumbnail designs, choose one and compose a rough layout based on selection. * Investigate and consider various sources of image generation. Select the appropriate image source for the project. * Investigate and consider various sources of text fonts/sizes. Select the appropriate font & size for the project. * Utilize information technology (e.g., computer, digital imagery, etc.,) to ink jet print the image. * Apply thermal transfer procedure to the completion of the thermal imaging project.	Students will design an offset lithography printing methods projects. Students will be assessed on how well they meet the parameters of the projects. Rubric-based assessment will consist of the following: * Homework assignments * Written examination * Assessment of the various steps of the project -- Thumbnail -- Roughs -- Comprehensive -- Photo-Conversion * Completion/quality of their printing method project. * Adherence to design parameters and composition. Students will design a screen-printing project. Students will be assessed on how well they meet the parameters of the projects. Rubric-based assessment will consist of the following: * Homework assignments * Written examination * Assessment of the various steps of the project -- Thumbnail -- Roughs * Completion/quality of their screen-printing project. * Adherence to design parameters and composition Students will design a thermal imaging project. Students will be assessed on how well they meet the parameters of the projects. Rubric-based assessment will consist of the following: * Homework assignments * Written examination * Assessment of the various steps of the project. * Completion/quality of their printed/transferred thermal image. * Adherence to design parameters and composition.	* Teacher-generated information packet to include vocabulary. * Computers with appropriate software, paper/digital library of graphics. * Selected offset lithography printing tools and supplies. * Selected screen-printing tools and supplies. * Selected thermal imaging tools and supplies. * World Wide Web * Digital cameras/printer * Video/DVD’s * Exemplar offset lithography projects * Exemplar screen printing projects * Exemplar thermal imaging projects.